Enoxaparin-Drug-Study
Generic Name:
Enoxaparin
Brand Name: Lovanox
Classification: Anticoagulant, low molecular weight Heparin

Uses:

  1. Acute and extended prophylaxis of deep-vein thrombosis
  2. With warfarin for in-patient treatment of DVT
  3. With aspirin to prevent ischemic complications of unstable angina and non-Q-wave myocardial infarction

Actions:

  1. Half-life:  4.5 hr. after SC use
  2. Potentiates the actions of an endogenous inhibitor of blood coagulation known as antithrombin III
  3. Increases antithrombin III–mediated inhibition of the formation and activity of factor Xa, resulting to reduced thrombin generation

Contraindications:

  1. Intramuscular use
  2. Use with prosthetic valves due to possible valve thrombosis
  3. Hypersensitivity to heparin and enoxaparin
  4. Hypersensitivity to pork products

Special Concerns:

  1. When spinal/epidural puncture is used, people may develop hematoma
  2. Monitor neurological impairment and treat promptly
  3. Use with caution during pregnancy

Side-Effects:

  1. Hemorrhage
  2. Anemia
  3. Injection site hematoma
  4. Nausea
  5. Thrombocytopenia
  6. Fever
  7. Headache
  8. Edema
  9. Spinal hematoma

Dosage:

SC Only: 30mg q12h or 40 mg OD

Nursing Considerations:

  1. Consider dosage adjustment for clients with low weight (<45kg)
  2. Give only by deep SC while lying down
  3. Do not give IM
  4. Continue treatment until risk of DVT decreases
  5. Do not mix with other injections/infusions
  6. Discard any unused solution
  7. Assess for Heparin or pork product hypersensitivity
  8. Document baseline hematologic parameters, liver function, and coagulation studies
  9. Monitor VS and assess for signs of bleeding
  10. Client may self-inject if educated and if follow-up on out-patient basis is needed
  11. Alternate administration between the left and right anterolateral and posterolateral abdominal wall
  12. Do not rub injection site
  13. May experience mild discomfort, irritation, hematoma at injection site
  14. Report unusual bleeding, or weakness
  15. Practice reliable contraception
  16. Avoid OTC agents containing aspirin
  17. Use an electronic razor to shave
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