Home Drug Study Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Drug Study

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Drug Study

Diphenhydramine-(Benadryl)-Drug-Study
Diphenhydramine is a common antihistamine used by the general public to treat allergies.

Generic Name: Diphenhydramine hydrochloride
Brand Name: Benadryl
Classification: Antihistamine, second generation, ethanolamine

Uses:

  1. Treatment of hypersensitivity reactions
  2. Treatment of motion sickness
  3. Treatment of Parkinsonism
  4. Nighttime sleep aid
  5. Antitussive

Actions:

  1. Has high sedative, anticholinergic and antiemetic effects
  2. Blocks the action of acetylcholine
  3. Blocks H-1 receptors on effector cells of the GI tract, blood vessels, and respiratory tract

Contraindications:

  1. Use with other products containing diphenhydramine
  2. Hypersensitivity to antihistamines

Special Concerns:

  1. Increases the risk of cognitive decline in the elderly
  2. Use with caution in clients suffering from the following: Increased Pressure in the Eye, Closed Angle Glaucoma, Chronic Difficulty having a Bowel Movement, High Blood Pressure, Stenosing Peptic Ulcer, Blockage of Urinary Bladder, Enlarged Prostate, Cannot Empty Bladder, Overactive Thyroid Gland

Side-Effects:

  1. Drowsiness
  2. Constipation
  3. Diarrhea
  4. Dizziness
  5. Dry mouth/nose/throat
  6. Headache
  7. Anorexia
  8. N&V
  9. Anxiety
  10. GI upset
  11. Asthenia

Dosage:

Per Orem: 25-50 mg TID- QID

IV: 10-50mg up to 100mg/IV

Nursing Considerations:

  1. Give full prophylactic dose 30min. prior to travel if used as a prophylaxis for motion sickness
  2. Take similar doses with meals and at bedtime
  3. Do not use more than 2 weeks to treat insomnia
  4. For IV, may give undiluted
  5. Do not exceed IV rate of 25mg/minute
  6. Drug causes drowsiness. Avoid activities requiring mental alertness
  7. Use sun protection as it may cause photosensitivity
  8. Use sugarless candy/gum to diminish dry mouth effects
  9. Avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants
  10. Stop therapy 72-96 hr. prior to skin testing. Report adverse effect and lack of response
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