Omeprazole ( Prilosec) Drug study

Generic Name: Omeprazole
Brand Name:Losec,Prilosec
Classifications:gastrointestinal agent; proton pump inhibitor
Pregnancy Category:C
Availability: 10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg capsules

Actions  
An antisecretory compound that is a gastric acid pump inhibitor. Suppresses gastric acid secretion by inhibiting the H+, K+-ATPase enzyme system [the acid (proton H+) pump] in the parietal cells.

Therapeutic effects  
Suppresses gastric acid secretion relieving gastrointestinal distress and promoting ulcer healing.

Uses   
Duodenal and gastric ulcer. Gastroesophageal reflux disease including severe erosive esophagitis (4 to 8 wk treatment). Long-term treatment of pathologic hypersecretory conditions such as Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, multiple endocrine adenomas, and systemic mastocytosis. In combination with clarithromycin to treat duodenal ulcers associated with Helicobacter pylori.

Contraindications 
Long-term use for gastroesophageal reflux disease, duodenal ulcers; lactation.

Route & dosage

Gastroesophageal Reflux, Erosive Esophagitis, Duodenal Ulcer
adult: PO  20 mg once/d for 4–8 wk

Gastric Ulcer
adult: PO  20 mg b.i.d. for 4–8 wk

Hypersecretory Disease
adult:PO  60 mg once/d up to 120 mg t.i.d.

Duodenal Ulcer Associated with H. pylori
adult:PO  40 mg once/d for 14 d, then 20 mg/d for 14 d, in combination with clarithromycin 500 mg t.i.d. for 14 d

Administration

Oral   
Give before food, preferably breakfast; capsules must be swallowed whole (do not open, chew, or crush).
Note: Antacids may be administered with omeprazole.

Adverse effects
CNS:Headache, dizziness, fatigue.
GI:Diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, mild transient increases in liver function tests.
Urogenital:Hematuria, proteinuria.
Skin:Rash.

Nursing implications 

Assessment & Drug Effects      

• Lab tests: Monitor urinalysis for hematuria and proteinuria. Periodic liver function tests with prolonged use.

Patient & Family Education     

• Report any changes in urinary elimination such as pain or discomfort associated with urination, or blood in urine.
• Report severe diarrhea; drug may need to be discontinued.
• Do not breast feed while taking this drug.